Amphotericin B USP

Produkt przeznaczony wyłącznie do badań. Nie nadaje się do spożycia. Więcej informacji na stronie producenta www.toku-e.com

Amphotericin B, USP is a polyene antifungal or antimycotic compound derived from Streptomyces nodosus. Amphotericin B is nearly insoluble in water but can be solubilized in sodium deoxycholate. Amphotericin B, USP meets United States Pharmacopoeia specifications.

Mechanism of Action
Amphotericin B associates with membrane sterols in mammalian and fungal cell membranes. Amphotericin B forms a pore in these membranes leading to essential ion leakage and ultimately, cell death.

Specification

CAS Number: 1397-89-3

Molecular Formula: C₄₇H₇₃NO₁₇

Molecular Weight: 924.08

Source: Streptomyces nodosus

Water Content (Karl Fisher): ≤5.0%

Assay: (On Dried Basis)L: ≥750 µg/mg

Loss on Drying: ≤5.0%

Residue On Ignition: ≤0.5%

Impurities
Amphotericin A: ≤15.0%

Endotoxin: ≤0.9 EU/mg

Spectrum
Amphotericin B is active against mammalian and fungal (molds and yeasts) cells. Amphotericin B is not toxic to bacteria due to their lack of sterols.

The following represents MIC susceptibility data for amphotericin B against common fungal pathogens:
• Candida albicans - 0.001 - 321 μg/mL
• Candida krusei - 0.001 - 16 μg/mL
• Coccidioides immitis - 0.0625 - 2 μg/mL
• Cryptococcus neoformans - 0.2 - 39 μg/mL
• Fusarium oxysporum - 0.75 - 125 μg/mL

Microbiology Applications
Amphotericin B is used as an antimycotic selective agent in several routinely used selective media formulations to inhibit the growth of background fungal growth.

Eukaryotic Cell Culture Applications
Amphotericin B can be used in eukaryotic cell culture to control or prevent fungal contamination. Amphotericin B can be toxic to cell lines at high concentrations and should not be used at concentrations greater than 2.50 µg/mL.

References

Rice, Louis B., and Mahmoud A. Ghannoum. "Antifungal Agents: Mode of Action, Mechanisms of Resistance, and Correlation of These Mechanisms with Bacterial Resistance." Clinical Microbiology Reviews (1999): 501-17. www.ncbi.gov. Oct. 1999. Web. 22 Aug. 2012.

Rice L.B. and Ghannoum M.A.. "Antifungal Agents: Mode of Action, Mechanisms of Resistance, and Correlation of These Mechanisms with Bacterial Resistance. Clinical Microbiology Reviews (1999): 501-17.

Brajtburg, J., W. G. Powderly, and G. Medoff. "Amphotericin B: Current Understanding of Mechanisms of Action." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 34.2 (1990): 183-88. www.ncbi.gov. Web. 22 Aug. 2012.

Perez-de-Luque A., Cifuentes Z., Beckstead J.A., Sillero J.C., Avila C., Rubio J. and Ryan R.O.. Effect of amphotericin B nanodisks on plant fungal diseases. Volume 68, Issue 1, Article first published online: 24 Jun 2011.