Vancomycin Hydrochloride, CulturePure®

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Vancomycin HCl, Ultrapure is a bactericidal glycopeptide antibiotic and has been used to treat infections caused by multi drug resistant bacteria including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Vancomycin HCl, Ultrapure freely soluble in aqueous solution.

CAS Number: 1404-93-9

Molecular Formula: C₆₆H₇₅C_l2N₉O₂₄ · HCl

Molecular Weight: 1485.71

Purity Level: >90.0%

Source: Streptomyces orientalis

Water Content (Karl Fisher): Not more than 5.0%

Mechanism of Action
Vancomycin prevents peptidoglycan synthesis by two separate mechanisms. One mechanism prevents N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) and N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) from linking together forming the peptidoglycan backbone. The second mechanism prevents crosslinking between amino acid residues in the peptidoglycan chain.

Spectrum
Vancomycin inhibits growth of many Gram positive bacteria including the antibiotic resistant superbug, MRSA (Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus). Vancomcyin is effective for treating MRSA infections because it inhibits cell wall synthesis through a different mechanism than β-lactam antibiotics.

Microbiology Applications
Vancomycin HCl is commonly used in clinical in vitro microbiological antimicrobial susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) against gram positive microbial isolates. Medical microbiologists use AST results to recommend antibiotic treatment options for infected patients. Representative MIC values include:
• Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 0.25 µg/mL - 2 µg/mL
• Clostridium difficile 0.06 µg/mL - 4 µg/mL
• For a complete list of vancomycin HCl MIC values, click here.

Media Supplement
Vancomycin can be used as a selective agent in Columbia Blood Agar, a selective media for Campylobacter species.

Plant Biology Applications
Vancomycin is often used in Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformations as a method to control its growth. It is sometimes used in combination with cefotaxime because of its synergic greater effect. Most studies do not describe any negative effects to the plant by using vancomycin, However, in a study done by Silva and Fukai (2001), lower efficiency of transformation was found at concentrations of 500 µg/ml.

Eukaryotic Cell Culture Applications
Vancomycin is routinely used to select for cells containing the pcDNA3.1 resistance plasmid in cell line 293 at an effective concentration of 400 µg/mL. For additional information on your cell culture needs, please visit our cell-culture database.

References

1. Courvalin, Patrice. "Vancomycin Resistance in Gram-Positive Cocci." Oxford Journals(2006): 25-34. Clinical Infectious Diseaes. Web. 21 Aug. 2012.
2. Pollock, H.M., Holt J., and Murray C., Comparison of susceptibilities of anaerobic bacteria to cefemenoxime, ceftriaxone and other antimicrobial compounds, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., Vol. 23, pp.780-783, 1983
3. Silva J.A. and Fukai S., The impact of carbenicillin, cefotaxime and vancomycin on chrysanthemum and tobacco TCL morphogenesis and Agrobacterium growth, J. Appl. Hort., Vol. 3(1), pp. 3-12, 2001.